Onse mphira ndi silikoni ndi elastomers. Ndi zinthu zopangidwa ndi ma polymeric zomwe zimawonetsa mawonekedwe a viscoelastic, omwe nthawi zambiri amatchedwa kukomoka. Silicone imatha kusiyanitsidwa ndi ma rubbers ndi kapangidwe ka atomiki. Kuphatikiza apo, ma silicone amakhala ndi zida zapadera kuposa rubbers wamba. Ma rubbers amapezeka mwachilengedwe, kapena amatha kupangidwa. Kutengera izi, silicone imatha kusiyanitsidwa ndi labala.

Mphira

Nthawi zambiri, ma elastomers onse amawerengedwa ngati rubbers momwe kukula kwake kumatha kusinthidwa makamaka ndikupanikiza, ndipo kumatha kubwezeredwa pamiyeso yoyamba atachotsa kupsinjika. Zipangirazi zimawonetsa kutentha kwa galasi chifukwa chamapangidwe awo amorphous. Pali mitundu yambiri yama rubbers kapena elastomers monga labala wachilengedwe, poly isoprene, styrene butadiene labala, mphira wa nitrile, polychloprene, ndi silicone. Koma mphira wachilengedwe ndi mphira womwe umabwera m'maganizo mwathu tikamaganizira za rubbers. Mphira wachilengedwe umapezeka kuchokera ku lalabala la Heveabrasiliensis. Cis-1, 4-polyisoprene ndi kapangidwe ka mphira wachilengedwe. Zambiri za rubbers zimakhala ndi maunyolo a polima a kaboni. Komabe, ma rubbers a silicone amakhala ndi silicon mu maunyolo a polima m'malo mwa kaboni.

Silikoni

Silicone ndi mphira wopangira. Zimapangidwa ndi kusintha silicon. Silicone imakhala ndi msana wa ma atomu a silicon okhala ndi ma atomu a oxygen. Popeza silicone ili ndi mphamvu zamagetsi zamagetsi zamagetsi, imatha kutentha kwambiri kuposa ma rubbers ena kapena elastomers. Mosiyana ndi ma elastomers ena, msana wa silicone umapangitsa kuti kukana kwake kwa bowa ndi mankhwala kukweze. Kuphatikiza apo, mphira wa silicone umagonjetsedwa ndi ozoni ndi UV chifukwa kuwukira kwa mpweya wa silicon sikutengeka kwambiri ndi ziwopsezozi kuposa kulumikizana kwa kaboni- kaboni kwa msana wam'madzi ena. Silicone imakhala ndi mphamvu zochepa komanso zocheperako poyerekeza ndi rubbers. Komabe pamatenthedwe otentha, imawonetsa kukhathamira bwino ndikung'amba. Izi ndichifukwa choti kusiyanasiyana kwa zinthu mu silicone sikuchepera pama kutentha kwambiri. Silicone ndi yolimba kuposa ma elastomers ena. Izi ndi zina mwazinthu zabwino za silicone. Mosasamala kanthu, moyo wotopa wa zida za silicone ndi waufupi kuposa ma rubbers. Ndi chimodzi mwazovuta za mphira wa silicone. Kuphatikiza apo, mamasukidwe akayendedwe ake ndi okwera; chifukwa chake, zimayambitsa mavuto azopanga chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa katundu.
Mphira umagwiritsidwa ntchito pazinthu zambiri monga zophikira, zamagetsi, kugwiritsa ntchito magalimoto ndi zina, chifukwa chamakhalidwe awo otanuka. Popeza ndizopangira madzi, zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati zotchinga, magolovesi ndi zina. Ma rubbers kapena elastomers ndizinthu zabwino kwambiri zotetezera.
Kuchokera pama rubbers onse, silicone ndiyabwino kwambiri kutchinjiriza kwamatenthedwe chifukwa chakutentha kwake. Silicone labala limapereka zinthu zapadera, zomwe zimapangidwira sizimakhala nazo.