Zotsatirazi ndizosankha za pulasitiki zomwe zimakonzedwa pafupipafupi m'malo athu opanga. Sankhani maina azinthu pansipa kuti mufotokoze mwachidule komanso mwayi wopeza zinthu.
1) ABS
Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene ndi chopopera chopangidwa ndi ma polymerizing styrene ndi acrylonitrile pamaso pa polybutadiene. Zojambulajambula zimapatsa pulasitiki mawonekedwe owala, osawoneka bwino. Butadiene, chinthu chopangidwa ndi mphira, chimatha kupirira ngakhale kutentha pang'ono. Zosintha zingapo zitha kupangidwa kuti zithetse kukana, kulimba, komanso kutentha. ABS imagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zinthu zopepuka, zolimba, zopangidwa monga kupopera, zida zoimbira, mitu ya gofu, ziwalo zamagalimoto, zokutira magudumu, zotsekera, zokutira kumutu, komanso zoseweretsa kuphatikiza njerwa za Lego.
2) Acetal (Delrin®, Celcon®)
Acetal ndi polima ya thermoplastic yopangidwa ndi polymerization ya formaldehyde. Mapepala ndi ndodo zopangidwa ndi izi zimakhala ndi mphamvu yayikulu, kukana mwakuya komanso kulimba. Acetal imagwiritsidwa ntchito m'malo olondola omwe amafunikira kuuma kwakukulu, mikangano yotsika komanso kukhazikika kwapadera. Acetal imakhala ndi kukana kwakanthawi kwamphamvu, kutentha kwambiri, magetsi ndi ma dielectric, komanso kuyamwa kwamadzi kotsika. Masukulu ambiri amakhalanso osagwirizana ndi UV.
Maphunziro: Delrin®, Celcon®
3) CPVC
CPVC imapangidwa ndi kupopera kwa utomoni wa PVC ndipo imagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka kupanga mapaipi. CPVC imagawana zinthu zambiri ndi PVC, kuphatikiza kotsika kotsika komanso kukana bwino kwa dzimbiri kutentha. Klorini wowonjezera womwe umapangidwenso umapangitsa kuti dzimbiri likhale lolimba kuposa PVC. Pomwe PVC imayamba kufewetsa kutentha kuposa 140 ° F (60 ° C), CPVC imathandizira kutentha kwa 180 ° F (82 ° C). Monga PVC, CPVC ndiyotopetsa moto. CPVC imagwira ntchito mosavuta ndipo itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito m'mapaipi amadzi otentha, mapaipi a chlorine, mapaipi a sulfuric acid, ndi ma sheaths othamanga kwambiri.
4) ECTFE (Halar®)
Copolymer wa ethylene ndi chlorotrifluoroethylene, ECTFE (Halar®) ndi theka-crystalline kusungunuka kosunthika pang'ono kotulutsa polima. ECTFE (Halar®) ndioyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati zokutira podzitchinjiriza komanso kuthana ndi kutupa chifukwa chazinthu zake. Amapereka mphamvu yamphamvu, kukana kwamankhwala komanso kutupa pazizira lonse, kutentha kwambiri komanso ma dielectric otsika mosalekeza. Ilinso ndi katundu wabwino kwambiri wa cryogenic.
5) ETFE (Tefzel®)
Ethylene tetrafluoroethylene, ETFE, pulasitiki yochokera ku fluorine, idapangidwa kuti ikhale ndi mphamvu yayikulu pakuthana ndi dzimbiri komanso mphamvu pazaka zambiri zotentha. ETFE ndi polima ndipo dzina loyambira ndi poly (ethene-co-tetrafluoroethene). ETFE imakhala ndi kutentha kwanthawi yayitali, mankhwala abwino kwambiri, magetsi ndi mphamvu zamagetsi zotsutsana ndi ma radiation. Utomoni wa ETFE (Tefzel®) umaphatikizira kulimba kwamakina ndi kusakhazikika kwamankhwala komwe kumayandikira kwa ma resini a PTFE (Teflon®) a fluoroplastic.
6) Chitani
Limbikitsani polyolefin ndichinthu cha elastomer, kutanthauza kuti ndi cholimba komanso chokhazikika pomwe chimasinthasintha nthawi yomweyo. Nkhaniyi imakhudza kwambiri, kutsika pang'ono, kulemera pang'ono, kuchepa kwamphamvu, komanso kusungunuka kwabwino kwamphamvu ndi kusinthika.
7) FEP
FEP ndiyofanana kwambiri pakupanga kwa fluoropolymers PTFE ndi PFA. FEP ndi PFA onse amagawana zofunikira za PTFE zotsutsana komanso zosagwiritsanso ntchito, koma ndizosavuta. FEP ndiyofewa kuposa PTFE ndipo imasungunuka pa 500 ° F (260 ° C); imawonekera poyera komanso imagonjetsedwa ndi kuwala kwa dzuwa. Kumbali ya kukana dzimbiri, FEP ndiye fluoropolymer yokhayo yomwe ingagwirizane ndi kukana kwa PTFE kwa othandizira, popeza ndiyopangidwe labwino kwambiri la kaboni-fluorine komanso fluorine wathunthu. Chuma chodziwika bwino cha FEP ndikuti ndichapamwamba kwambiri kuposa PTFE muzinthu zina zokutira zomwe zimakhudzana ndi kutsuka kwa zotsukira.
8) G10 / FR4
G10 / FR4 ndi makina owerengera magetsi, ma dielectric fiberglass laminate epoxy resin system kuphatikiza ndi gawo lagalasi. G10 / FR4 imapereka mankhwala abwino kwambiri kukana, kuwerengera kwa lawi ndi magetsi pamavuto onse owuma komanso achinyezi. Ikuwonetsanso kusintha kwamphamvu, mphamvu, makina ndi kulimba kwamphamvu mpaka 266 ° F (130 ° C). G10 / FR4 ndioyenera kugwiritsa ntchito kandalama, zamagetsi, zamagetsi komanso ma board a pc.
9) LCP
Ma polima amadzimadzi amadzimadzi amatentha kwambiri. LCP ikuwonetsa zachilengedwe za hydrophobic zomwe zimachepetsa kuyamwa kwa chinyezi. Khalidwe lina lachilengedwe la LCP ndikutha kwake kupirira kuchuluka kwa radiation popanda kuwonongeka kwa zinthu zathupi. Potengera kulongedza kwa chip ndi zida zamagetsi, zida za LCP zimawonetsa koyenera kochepa kwamphamvu zamafuta (CTE). Ntchito zake zazikulu zimakhala ngati nyumba zamagetsi zamagetsi komanso zamagetsi chifukwa cha kutentha kwake komanso kusamva kwamagetsi.
10) nayiloni
Nylon 6/6 ndi nayiloni wokhala ndi cholinga chachikulu chomwe chimatha kupangidwa ndikuchotsedwa. Nayiloni 6/6 ili ndi mawonekedwe abwino ndipo imatha kukana. Ili ndi malo osungunuka okwera kwambiri komanso kutentha kwapakatikati kogwiritsa ntchito nayiloni 6. Ndikosavuta kutaya. Ikadapangidwa utoto, imawonekera kukhala owala kwambiri ndipo satha kuzimiririka ndi kuwala kwa dzuwa ndi ozoni komanso kutsekemera kuchokera ku nitrous oxide. Nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito pakakhala mtengo wotsika, mphamvu yayikulu yamakina, zinthu zolimba komanso zolimba zimafunikira. Ndi imodzi mwamapulasitiki otchuka kwambiri omwe amapezeka. Nylon 6 ndi yotchuka kwambiri ku Europe pomwe Nylon 6/6 ndiyotchuka kwambiri ku USA. Nayiloni amathanso kuwumbidwa mwachangu komanso mzigawo zochepa kwambiri, chifukwa amataya mamasukidwe akayendedwe kake modabwitsa akaumbidwa.
Nayiloni 4/6 imagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka m'malo otentha kwambiri pomwe kuuma, kukana mwakuya, kutentha kosalekeza komanso kutopa kumafunikira. Chifukwa chake nayiloni 46 ndioyenera kugwiritsa ntchito bwino kwambiri pakapangidwe kazomera, makina amagetsi komanso magwiritsidwe antchito agalimoto pansi pake. Ndiwotsika mtengo kuposa nayiloni 6/6 komanso ndiwopangidwa mwaluso kwambiri womwe umapirira madzi bwino kuposa momwe nayiloni 6/6 imachitira.
Maphunziro: - 4/6 30% yodzazidwa ndi galasi, kutentha kumakhazikika 4/6 30% yodzaza magalasi, kugonjetsedwa kwamoto, kutentha kumakhazikika - 6/6 Natural - 6/6 Black - 6/6 Super Tough
11) PAI (Torlon®)
PAI (polyamide-imide) (Torlon®) ndi pulasitiki yamphamvu kwambiri yomwe imakhala yolimba kwambiri komanso yolimba ngati pulasitiki iliyonse mpaka 275 ° C (525 ° F). Ili ndi kukana kwapadera kuvala, kukwawa, ndi mankhwala, kuphatikiza zidulo zamphamvu ndi mankhwala ambiri achilengedwe, ndipo ndiyoyenereradi kumayendedwe azovuta. Torlon amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zida za ndege ndi zomangira, zomangira ndi zomangamanga, zotengera ndi zida zamagetsi, komanso zokutira, zophatikizika, ndi zowonjezera. Itha kupangidwa jekeseni koma, monga mapulasitiki ambiri a thermoset, imayenera kuchiritsidwa pambuyo mu uvuni. Kukonzekera kwake kovuta kumapangitsa kuti izi zikhale zodula, makamaka masheya.
12) PARA (IXEF®)
PARA (IXEF®) imapereka mphamvu zophatikizika komanso zokongoletsa, ndikupangitsa kuti ikhale yabwino pazigawo zovuta zomwe zimafunikira mphamvu zonse komanso mawonekedwe osalala, okongola. PARA (IXEF®) mankhwala amakhala ndi 50-60% yamagalasi olimbikitsira magalasi, amawapatsa mphamvu komanso kukhazikika. Chomwe chimapangitsa iwo kukhala apadera ndikuti ngakhale ndi magalasi okwera kwambiri, malo osalala, olemera ndi utomoni amapereka gloss, gloss wopanda galasi yemwe ali woyenera kupenta, metallization kapena kupanga chipolopolo chowonekera mwachilengedwe. Kuphatikiza apo, PARA (IXEF®) ndi utomoni wokwera kwambiri kotero kuti imatha kudzaza makoma owonda ngati 0.5 mm, ngakhale ndi magalasi okwera mpaka 60% ..
13) PBT
Polybutylene terephthalate (PBT) ndi thermoplastic engineering polymer yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati zotetezera m'mafakitale amagetsi ndi zamagetsi. Ndi polima ya thermoplastic (semi-) crystalline polima ndi mtundu wa polyester. PBT imagonjetsedwa ndi zosungunulira, imachepa pang'ono popanga, imakhala yolimba, yotentha mpaka 302 ° F (150 ° C) (kapena 392 ° F (200 ° C) yokhala ndi galasi-yolimbitsa) ndipo imatha kuchiritsidwa lawi lamoto wopangitsa kuti lisapse.
PBT imagwirizana kwambiri ndi ma polyesters ena otentha. Poyerekeza ndi PET (polyethylene terephthalate), PBT imakhala ndi mphamvu zochepa komanso zolimba, kukana pang'ono kukana, komanso kutentha pang'ono kosintha kwamagalasi. PBT ndi PET amazindikira madzi otentha pamwamba pa 60 ° C (140 ° F). PBT ndi PET amafunika chitetezo cha UV ngati agwiritsidwa ntchito panja.
14) PCTFE (KEL-F®)
PCTFE, yomwe kale inkatchedwa dzina lake loyambirira la zamalonda, KEL-F®, ili ndi mphamvu zolimba komanso zocheperako poyerekeza ndi ma fluoropolymers ena. Ili ndi kutentha kotsika kwagalasi kuposa ma fluoropolymers ena. Monga ambiri kapena ma fluoropolymers ena amatha. PCTFE imawala kwenikweni mu kutentha kwa cryogenic, chifukwa imasinthasintha mpaka -200 ° F (-129®C) kapena kupitilira apo. Silitenga kuwala kooneka koma imatha kuwonongeka chifukwa chokhala ndi radiation. PCTFE imagonjetsedwa ndi makutidwe ndi okosijeni ndipo imakhala ndi malo otsika pang'ono. Monga ma fluoropolymers ena, amagwiritsidwa ntchito pafupipafupi pamafunso omwe amafunikira kuyamwa kwa madzi zero komanso kukana kwamankhwala.
15) PEEK
PEEK ndi njira yayikulu yopangira ma fluoropolymers okhala ndi kutentha kwaposachedwa kwa 480 ° F (250 ° C). PEEK imawonetsa makina abwino kwambiri komanso matenthedwe, kusakhazikika kwamankhwala, kukana kwakanthawi pamatenthedwe, kutsika kwambiri, kutentha kwa hydrolysis, ndi kukana kwa radiation. Izi zimapangitsa PeEK kukhala chinthu chomwe amakonda pamayendedwe apandege, magalimoto, semiconductor, ndi mafakitale. PEEK imagwiritsidwa ntchito povala ndi kunyamula zofunsira monga mipando yamagetsi, magiya ampope, ndi mbale zamagetsi zamagetsi.
Mayeso: Osakwaniritsidwa, 30% odzaza magalasi
16) PEI (Ultem®)
PEI (Ultem®) ndimapulasitiki otentha otseguka pang'ono okhala ndi mphamvu yayikulu kwambiri komanso kuuma. PEI imagonjetsedwa ndi madzi otentha ndi nthunzi ndipo imatha kupirira mayendedwe obwereza mu steam autoclave. PEI ili ndi mphamvu zamagetsi zamagetsi komanso imodzi mwamphamvu kwambiri yamagetsi yamagetsi yamagetsi aliwonse omwe amapezeka pamalonda a thermoplastic. Nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'malo mwa polysulfone pakufunika mphamvu yayikulu, kuuma, kapena kutentha. PEI imapezeka m'makalasi odzaza magalasi okhala ndi mphamvu zowonjezera komanso kuuma. Ndi pulasitiki ina yomwe imapeza ntchito zambiri pansi pamagalimoto ndi magalimoto. Ultem 1000® ilibe galasi mmenemo pomwe Ultem 2300® imadzazidwa ndi 30% fiber fiber yochepa.
Maphunziro: Ultem 2300 ndi 1000 zakuda ndi zachilengedwe
17) PET-P (Ertalyte®)
Ertalyte® ndi polyester ya polyethylene terephthalate (PET-P) yopanda mphamvu. Amapangidwa kuchokera kumakalasi ogulitsa omwe amapangidwa ndi Quadrant. Quadrant yokha ndi yomwe ingapereke Ertalyte®. Amadziwika kuti amakhala ndi kukhazikika kwapamwamba kwambiri kophatikizana ndi kukana kwabwino kwambiri, kotsika kotsika kotsutsana, mphamvu yayikulu, komanso kukana mayankho amchere amchere. Katundu wa Ertalyte® amapangitsa kuti ikhale yoyenera makamaka popanga zida zamagetsi zomwe zimatha kusamalira katundu wambiri komanso kupirira. Kutentha kosalekeza kwa Ertalyte® ndi 210 ° F (100 ° C) ndipo malo ake osungunuka amakhala pafupifupi 150 ° F (66 ° C) kuposa ma acetal. Imakhala ndi mphamvu zoyambirira mpaka 180 ° F (85 ° C) kuposa nayiloni kapena acetal.
18) PFA
Perfluoroalkoxy alkanes kapena PFA ndi fluoropolymers. Ndiwo ma copolymers a tetrafluoroethylene ndi perfluoroethers. Malinga ndi zomwe ali nazo, ma polima awa ndi ofanana ndi polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE). Kusiyanitsa kwakukulu ndikuti ma alkoxy substitute amalola kuti polima asungunuke. Pamlingo wamankhwala, PFA imakhala ndi utali wocheperako, komanso kachingwe kakang'ono kuposa ma fluoropolymers ena. Mulinso atomu ya oksijeni kuma nthambi. Izi zimapangitsa kuti zinthu zizitha kusintha komanso kuyenda bwino, kukana kwakanthawi, komanso kukhazikika kwamafuta pafupi kapena kupitilira PTFE.
19) Polycarbonate (PC)
Amorphous polycarbonate polymer imapereka kuphatikiza kwapawokha, kuuma ndi kulimba. Ikuwonetsa nyengo yabwino kwambiri, zokwawa, zovuta, zowoneka bwino, zamagetsi ndi zamagetsi. Ipezeka mumitundu yambiri ndi zotulukapo, idapangidwa koyamba ndi GE Plastics, yomwe tsopano ndi SABIC Innovative Plastics. Chifukwa cha mphamvu yake yamphamvu, ndizopangira zipewa zamtundu uliwonse komanso zamagalasi osalola zipolopolo. Ndi, pamodzi ndi nayiloni ndi Teflon®, imodzi mwamapulasitiki otchuka kwambiri.
20) Polyethersulfone (PES)
PES (Polyethersulfone) (Ultrason®) ndichinsinsi, chosagwira kutentha, magwiridwe antchito apamwamba a thermoplastic. PES ndichinthu cholimba, cholimba, chodula bwino kwambiri. Ili ndi magetsi abwino komanso mankhwala amakana. PES imatha kupirira kutentha kwanthawi yayitali mlengalenga ndi m'madzi. PES imagwiritsidwa ntchito pamagetsi, mapampu, ndi magalasi owonera. Zipangidwazo zitha kupangidwanso kuti zizigwiritsidwa ntchito muntchito zamankhwala ndi chakudya. Pamodzi ndi mapulasitiki ena monga PEI (Ultem®), imawonekera poyera pama radiation.
21) Polyethylene (Pe)
Polyethylene itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati filimu, kulongedza, matumba, mapaipi, kugwiritsa ntchito mafakitale, zotengera, kulongedza chakudya, ma laminates, ndi ma liners. Ndizovuta kwambiri, zimakhala zochepa, ndipo zimawonetsa kulimba kwabwino komanso kukana kwamphamvu. Itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito m'njira zosiyanasiyana zamagetsi opanga ma thermoplastics ndipo imathandiza makamaka pakakhala chinyezi komanso mtengo wotsika.
HD-PE ndi polyethylene thermoplastic. HD-PE imadziwika chifukwa cha mphamvu zake zazikulu zolimbitsa thupi. Ngakhale kuchuluka kwa HD-PE kumangocheperako pang'ono kuposa polyethylene yotsika kwambiri, HD-PE ilibe nthambi zochepa, zomwe zimapangitsa mphamvu zam'magazi zamphamvu komanso zamphamvu kuposa LD-PE. Kusiyana kwamphamvu kumaposa kusiyana kwa kachulukidwe, ndikupatsa HD-PE mphamvu yapadera. Zimakhalanso zovuta komanso zowoneka bwino ndipo zimatha kupirira kutentha pang'ono (248 ° F (120 ° C) kwakanthawi kochepa, 230 ° F (110 ° C) mosalekeza). HD-PE imagwiritsidwa ntchito m'njira zosiyanasiyana.
Maphunziro: HD-PE, LD-PE
22) polypropylene (PP)
Polypropylene ndi polima ya thermoplastic yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito m'njira zosiyanasiyana kuphatikiza ma CD, nsalu (mwachitsanzo zingwe, kabudula wamkati ndi ma carpets), zolembera, ziwalo za pulasitiki ndi zotengera zomwe zingagwiritsidwenso ntchito, zida za labotale, zokuzira mawu, zida zamagalimoto, ndi mapepala am'mapolam. Polima yodzaza ndi mafuta opangidwa kuchokera ku monomer propylene, ndi yolimba komanso yosagonjetsedwa modabwitsa ndi zosungunulira zamankhwala, mabasiketi ndi zidulo.
Maphunziro: 30% yamagalasi odzazidwa, osadzazidwa
23) Polystyrene (PS)
Polystyrene (PS) ndimapangidwe onunkhira opangidwa kuchokera ku monomer styrene. Polystyrene imatha kukhala yolimba kapena yopanda thobvu. Cholinga cha polystyrene ndichachidziwikire, cholimba, komanso chosakhwima. Ndi utomoni wotsika mtengo pamiyeso imodzi. Polystyrene ndi imodzi mwamapulasitiki omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri, kuchuluka kwake ndikupanga ma kilogalamu angapo mabiliyoni pachaka.
24) Polysulphone (PSU)
Utomoni wapamwamba kwambiri wa thermoplastic resin amadziwika kuti umatha kukana mapindikidwe omwe ali pansi pakatenthedwe munthawi yotentha komanso zachilengedwe. Itha kusamalidwa bwino ndi njira yolera yotseketsa komanso zida zoyeretsera, zotsalira zolimba komanso zolimba m'madzi, nthunzi komanso malo ovuta. Kukhazikika kumeneku kumapangitsa kuti izi zitheke pakugwiritsa ntchito zamankhwala, zamankhwala, ndege ndi malo ogwiritsira ntchito, komanso mafakitale opanga chakudya, chifukwa amatha kupukutidwa ndikujambulidwa.
25) Polyurethane
Solid polyurethane ndi chinthu cha elastomeric chazinthu zofunikira kwambiri monga kulimba, kusinthasintha, komanso kukana kumva kuwawa ndi kutentha. Polyurethane imakhala yolimba kwambiri kuyambira pa zofufuzira zofewa mpaka bowling mpira molimba. Urethane amaphatikiza kulimba kwazitsulo ndi kutanuka kwa mphira. Zigawo zopangidwa kuchokera ku ureastane elastomers nthawi zambiri zimavala mphira, matabwa ndi zitsulo 20 mpaka 1. Makhalidwe ena a polyurethane amaphatikizapo kusintha kwambiri kwa moyo, mphamvu yonyamula katundu komanso kukana nyengo, ozoni, radiation, mafuta, mafuta ndi zosungunulira zambiri.
26) PPE (Noryl®)
Banja la Noryl® la ma resin osinthidwa a PPE amakhala ndi amorphous kuphatikiza kwa PPO polyphenylene ether resin ndi polystyrene. Amaphatikizapo zabwino zomwe zimapezeka mu utomoni wa PPO, monga kutentha kwapamwamba, magetsi abwino, kukhazikika kwama hydrolytic komanso kugwiritsa ntchito mapaketi osakhala a halogen FR, okhala ndi mawonekedwe okhazikika, luso lazinthu zabwino komanso mphamvu yokoka pang'ono. Ntchito zodziwika bwino za ma resin a PPE (Noryl®) amaphatikizira zida zama pampu, HVAC, ukadaulo wamadzi, ma CD, zida zotenthetsera dzuwa, kasamalidwe kazingwe, ndi mafoni. Komanso amatha kuumba bwino.
27) PPS (Ryton®)
Polyphenylene Sulfide (PPS) imapereka mphamvu yotsutsana kwambiri ndi mankhwala apulasitiki aliyense wapamwamba kwambiri. Malinga ndi zomwe adalemba, ilibe zosungunulira zosadziwika pansi pa 392 ° F (200 ° C) ndipo imakhala ndi nthunzi, maziko olimba, mafuta ndi zidulo. Komabe, pali zosungunulira zachilengedwe zomwe zimakakamiza kuti zifewetse ndikuchita bwino. Kutenga pang'ono kwa chinyezi komanso koyefishienti yotsika kwambiri yakukula kwamatenthedwe, kuphatikiza kupangira kupsinjika, kumapangitsa PPS kukhala yoyenererana ndi zida zopangira kulolerana.
28) PPSU (Radel®)
PPSU ndi polyphenylsulfone yowonekera bwino yomwe imapatsa bata ma hydrolytic bata, komanso kulimba kopitilira ma resin ena otsogola otentha kwambiri. Utomoniwu umaperekanso kutentha kwakukulu kosagwirizana komanso kusamvana kwakanthawi pakuthana ndi zovuta zachilengedwe. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga magalimoto, mano, chakudya komanso zinthu zakuchipatala ndi zida zamankhwala.
29) PTFE (Teflon®)
PTFE ndimapangidwe opanga fluoropolymer a tetrafluoroethylene. Ndi hydrophobic ndipo imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati zokutira zopanda ndodo za mapeni ndi zophikira zina. Imakhala yosagwira kwambiri ndipo imagwiritsidwa ntchito m'makina ndi pipework yamankhwala otakasika komanso owononga. PTFE ili ndi ma dielectric abwino kwambiri komanso kutentha kwambiri. Ili ndi mikangano yotsika ndipo itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito pazomwe mungafune kutsetsereka kwa ziwalo, monga mayendedwe osavuta ndi magiya. PTFE ili ndi mitundu ina ya ntchito zina kuphatikiza zipolopolo zokutira ndikugwiritsa ntchito zida zamankhwala ndi labotale. Popeza idagwiritsidwa ntchito zambiri, zomwe zimaphatikizapo chilichonse kuyambira chowonjezera mpaka zokutira, kugwiritsa ntchito magiya, zolumikizira ndi zina zambiri, ndi, limodzi ndi nayiloni, imodzi mwazomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri.
30) PVC
PVC imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pama waya ndi zingwe zamagetsi, zida zamankhwala / zaumoyo, yamachubu, zokutira chingwe, ndi zida zamagalimoto. Ili ndi kusinthasintha kwabwino, imakhala yotentha ndi lawi, ndipo imakhala ndi bata labwino, kutentha kwambiri, komanso kutsogolera (kutsika). Homopolymer waukhondo ndi wovuta, wopepuka komanso wovuta kukonza koma amasintha mukakhala pulasitiki. Polyvinyl mankhwala enaake amatha kupanga extruded, jekeseni wopangidwa, kupanikizika kopangidwa, kulembedwa, ndikuwombedwa kuti apange mitundu ingapo yazinthu zosasintha. Chifukwa chogwiritsa ntchito kwambiri kupopera kwamadzi ogwiritsira ntchito m'nyumba komanso pansi, matumba masauzande ndi zikwi za PVC amapangidwa chaka chilichonse.
31) PVDF (Kynar®)
Ma resin a PVDF amagwiritsidwa ntchito mu mphamvu, mphamvu zowonjezereka, ndi mafakitale opanga mankhwala kuti athetse kutentha, mankhwala owopsa ndi ma radiation a nyukiliya. PVDF imagwiritsidwanso ntchito m'makampani opanga mankhwala, zakudya & zakumwa ndi semiconductor chifukwa choyera kwambiri komanso kupezeka kwamitundu yambiri. Itha kugwiritsidwanso ntchito m'makampani opanga migodi, ma plating ndi chitsulo kuti isagwidwe ndi ma asidi otentha osiyanasiyana. PVDF imagwiritsidwanso ntchito pamisika yamagalimoto komanso kamangidwe ka mankhwala ake, nyengo yabwino komanso kukana kuwonongeka kwa UV.
32) Rexolite®
Rexolite® ndi pulasitiki yolimba komanso yopepuka yopangidwa ndi cholumikiza polystyrene ndi divinylbenzene. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kupanga magalasi a microwave, ma microwave circry, ma antennae, ma coaxial cable connectors, ma transducers, ma satellite satellite mbale ndi ma sonar lens.
33) Santoprene®
Santoprene® thermoplastic vulcanizates (TPVs) ndi ma elastomers ochita bwino kwambiri omwe amaphatikiza zida zabwino kwambiri za mphira wonyezimira - monga kusinthasintha komanso kupsinjika kotsika - ndikosavuta kosavuta kwa ma thermoplastics. Pakugwiritsa ntchito kwaogula ndi mafakitale, kuphatikiza kwa zinthu za Santoprene TPV komanso kusavuta kwa magwiridwe antchito kumapereka magwiridwe antchito, mtundu wosasinthika komanso mtengo wotsika wakapangidwe. Pogwiritsa ntchito magalimoto, kulemera kocheperako kwa Santoprene TPVs kumathandizira kuti magwiridwe antchito azikhala bwino, kusungitsa mafuta ndi kutsitsa mtengo. Santoprene imaperekanso maubwino ambiri pazogwiritsa ntchito zamagetsi, zamagetsi, zomangamanga, zamankhwala ndi ma CD. Nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwanso ntchito kupititsa patsogolo zinthu monga mabotolo amano, ma handles, ndi zina zambiri.
34) TPU (Isoplast®)
Poyamba idapangidwa kuti igwiritse ntchito zamankhwala, TPU imapezeka m'makalasi ataliatali okhala ndi fiber. TPU Chili kulimba ndi ooneka enieni bata resins amorphous ndi kukana mankhwala zipangizo crystalline. Mitengo yayitali yolimbitsidwa ndi fiber ndiyolimba mokwanira kuti isinthe zina zazitsulo muntchito zonyamula. TPU ndiyonso madzi am'nyanja komanso kugonjetsedwa ndi UV, ndikupangitsa kuti ikhale yoyenera kugwiritsa ntchito pamadzi.
Maphunziro: 40% yodzaza ndi magalasi, 30% yodzaza magalasi, 60% yodzaza magalasi
35) UHMW®
Kulemera Kwambiri Kwambiri Kwambiri (UHMW) Polyethylene nthawi zambiri amatchedwa polima wolimba kwambiri padziko lapansi. UHMW ndi liniya, kopitilira muyeso-kachulukidwe polyethylene amene ali kukana mkulu kumva kuwawa komanso mphamvu yaikulu amadza. UHMW imakhalanso yogonjetsedwa ndi mankhwala ndipo imakhala ndi mgwirizano wokwanira wotsutsana womwe umapangitsa kuti ikhale yogwira ntchito zosiyanasiyana. UHMW imatha kulumikizidwa pamtanda, kukonzedwanso, yofananira ndi utoto, yopangidwa mwaluso komanso yopangidwa kuti ikwaniritse zofuna za makasitomala ambiri. Ndiwotulutsa koma osapangika jekeseni. Mafuta ake achilengedwe amatsogolera kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri kwama skid, magiya, bushings, ndi ntchito zina pomwe kutsetsereka, meshing kapena mitundu ina yolumikizirana ikufunika, makamaka pamakampani opanga mapepala.
36) Vespel®
Vespel ndimtundu wapamwamba kwambiri wama polyimide. Ndi imodzi mwamapulasitiki apamwamba kwambiri omwe akupezeka pano. Vespel siyingasungunuke ndipo imatha kugwira ntchito mosalekeza kuyambira kutentha kwa cryogenic mpaka 550 ° F (288 ° C) ndikupita ku 900 ° F (482 ° C). Zida za Vespel nthawi zonse zimawonetsa magwiridwe antchito apamwamba mu ntchito zosiyanasiyana zomwe zimafuna kuvala kochepa komanso moyo wautali m'malo ovuta. Itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mphete zozungulira, ma washer ndi ma disc, ma bushings, ma flanged, ma plunger, zingwe zopumira, ndi ma insulators amagetsi ndi magetsi. Vuto lake limodzi ndi mtengo wake wokwera kwambiri. Mtengo wa ¼ ”m'mimba mwake, 38" kutalika, ungawononge $ 400 kapena kupitilira apo.
Post nthawi: Nov-05-2019