Chifukwa chiyani silicone yamadzimadzi ingagwiritsidwe ntchito kwambiri m'magawo osiyanasiyana?

1.Kuyambitsa mphira wa silikoni wamadzimadzi wokhala ndi mawonekedwe owonjezera

Mphira wa silicone wamadzimadzi wokhala ndi mawonekedwe owonjezera umapangidwa ndi vinyl polysiloxane ngati polima yoyambira, polysiloxane yokhala ndi Si-H bond ngati cholumikizira cholumikizira, pamaso pa chothandizira cha platinum, kutentha kwa chipinda kapena kutentha pansi pa cross linking vulcanization ya gulu la zinthu za silicone. Mosiyana ndi mphira wa silicone wamadzimadzi wotsekedwa, njira yopangira silicone yamadzimadzi yozungulira sipanga zinthu zina, kuchepa pang'ono, vulcanization yozama komanso yopanda dzimbiri la zinthu zolumikizirana. Ili ndi ubwino wa kutentha kwakukulu, kukana mankhwala bwino komanso kukana nyengo, ndipo imatha kumamatira mosavuta pamalo osiyanasiyana. Chifukwa chake, poyerekeza ndi silicone yamadzimadzi yotsekedwa, chitukuko cha silicone yamadzimadzi chikufulumira. Pakadali pano, yagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pazida zamagetsi, makina, zomangamanga, zamankhwala, magalimoto ndi zina.

2. Zigawo Zazikulu

Polima Yoyambira

Polysiloxane iwiri yotsatirayi yokhala ndi vinyl imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati ma polima oyambira powonjezera silicone yamadzimadzi. Kuchuluka kwa kulemera kwa mamolekyulu awo ndi kwakukulu, nthawi zambiri kuyambira zikwizikwi mpaka 100,000-200,000. Polima yoyambira yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pa silicone yowonjezera yamadzimadzi ndi α,ω -divinylpolydimethylsiloxane. Zinapezeka kuti kulemera kwa mamolekyulu ndi kuchuluka kwa vinyl kwa ma polima oyambira kumatha kusintha mawonekedwe a silicone yamadzimadzi.

wothandizira wolumikiza

Cholumikizira chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito powonjezera silicone yamadzimadzi ndi polysiloxane yachilengedwe yokhala ndi ma bond opitilira 3 a Si-H mu molekyulu, monga linear methyl-hydropolysiloxane yokhala ndi gulu la Si-H, ring methyl-hydropolysiloxane ndi MQ resin yokhala ndi gulu la Si-H. Chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndi linear methylhydropolysiloxane ya kapangidwe kameneka. Zapezeka kuti mawonekedwe a makina a silica gel amatha kusinthidwa posintha kuchuluka kwa haidrojeni kapena kapangidwe ka cross linking agent. Yapeza kuti kuchuluka kwa haidrojeni kwa crosslinking agent kumafanana ndi mphamvu yokoka ndi kuuma kwa silica gel. Gu Zhuojiang et al. adapeza mafuta a silicone okhala ndi haidrojeni okhala ndi kapangidwe kosiyana, kulemera kosiyana kwa mamolekyulu ndi kuchuluka kosiyana kwa haidrojeni posintha njira yopangira ndi formula, ndipo adagwiritsa ntchito ngati crosslinking agent popanga ndikuwonjezera silikoni yamadzimadzi.

chothandizira

Pofuna kupititsa patsogolo mphamvu ya ma catalyst, ma platinum-vinyl siloxane complexes, platinum-alkyne complexes ndi nitrogen-modified platinum complexes zinakonzedwa. Kuwonjezera pa mtundu wa catalyst, kuchuluka kwa zinthu zamadzimadzi za silicone kudzakhudzanso magwiridwe antchito. Inapeza kuti kuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa platinum catalyst kungathandize kuti magulu a methyl agwirizane bwino ndikuletsa kuwonongeka kwa unyolo waukulu.

Monga tafotokozera pamwambapa, njira yopangira vulcanization ya silicone yachikhalidwe yowonjezera madzi ndi momwe hydrosilylation imachitikira pakati pa polima yoyambira yokhala ndi vinyl ndi polima yokhala ndi hydrosilylation bond. Kuumba kwachikhalidwe kwa silicone yamadzimadzi nthawi zambiri kumafuna nkhungu yolimba kuti ipange chinthu chomaliza, koma ukadaulo wachikhalidwe wopanga uwu uli ndi zovuta zamtengo wapatali, nthawi yayitali, ndi zina zotero. Zogulitsa nthawi zambiri sizigwira ntchito pazinthu zamagetsi. Ofufuzawa adapeza kuti mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya silicas yokhala ndi makhalidwe apamwamba imatha kukonzedwa ndi njira zatsopano zochiritsira pogwiritsa ntchito mercaptan - double bond addition liquid silicas. Makhalidwe ake abwino kwambiri amakina, kukhazikika kwa kutentha ndi kufalikira kwa kuwala kungapangitse kuti igwiritsidwe ntchito m'magawo atsopano. Kutengera momwe mercapto-ene bond reaction imagwirira ntchito pakati pa polysiloxane yogwira ntchito ya mercaptan ndi polysiloxane yotsekedwa ya vinyl yokhala ndi kulemera kosiyanasiyana kwa mamolekyulu, ma elastomer a silicone okhala ndi kuuma kosinthika komanso makhalidwe amakina adakonzedwa. Ma elastomer osindikizidwa amawonetsa kusindikiza kwakukulu komanso makhalidwe abwino kwambiri amakina. Kutalikirana kwa silicone elastomers pakusweka kumatha kufika 1400%, komwe ndi kwakukulu kwambiri kuposa ma UV curing elastomers omwe amanenedwa komanso kokwera kwambiri kuposa ma thermal curing silicone elastomers omwe amatambasulidwa kwambiri. Kenako ma silicone elastomers omwe amatambasulidwa kwambiri adayikidwa pama hydrogels omwe ali ndi ma carbon nanotubes kuti akonze zida zamagetsi zomwe zimatambasulidwa. Silicone yosindikizidwa komanso yokonzedwa ili ndi mwayi waukulu wogwiritsidwa ntchito m'maloboti ofewa, ma actuator osinthasintha, ma implants azachipatala ndi madera ena.