Chifukwa chiyani silicone yamadzimadzi imatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'magawo osiyanasiyana?

1.Kuyambitsa mphira wa silicone wamadzimadzi ndi kuwonjezera kuumba

madzi silikoni mphira ndi kuwonjezera akamaumba wapangidwa ndi vinilu polysiloxane monga maziko polima, polysiloxane ndi Si-H chomangira monga cholumikizira mtanda, pamaso pa platinamu chothandizira, firiji kapena Kutentha pansi pa mtanda kulumikiza vulcanization gulu silikoni. zipangizo. Zosiyana ndi mphira wamadzimadzi a silicone, kuumba kwamadzimadzi a silicone vulcanization sikutulutsa zopangira, kucheperako pang'ono, vulcanization yakuya ndipo palibe dzimbiri lazinthu zolumikizirana. Ili ndi ubwino wa kutentha kwakukulu, kukana kwambiri kwa mankhwala ndi kukana kwa nyengo, ndipo imatha kumamatira kumalo osiyanasiyana. Choncho, poyerekeza ndi condensed madzi silikoni, chitukuko cha madzi silikoni akamaumba ndi mofulumira. Pakalipano, wakhala akugwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pazida zamagetsi, makina, zomangamanga, zamankhwala, magalimoto ndi zina.

2.Zigawo Zazikulu

Base Polymer

Mizere iwiri yotsatira ya polysiloxane yokhala ndi vinilu imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati ma polima oyambira powonjezera silikoni yamadzimadzi. Kugawa kwawo kulemera kwa maselo ndikokulirakulira, nthawi zambiri kuchokera pa masauzande mpaka 100,000-200,000. Chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri polima m'munsi mwa silicone yowonjezera madzi ndi α,ω -divinylpolydimethylsiloxane. Zinapezeka kuti kulemera kwa maselo ndi vinilu zomwe zili mu ma polima oyambira zimatha kusintha mawonekedwe a silicone yamadzi.

cross-linking agent

Cholumikizira chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito powonjezera kuumba silikoni yamadzimadzi ndi organic polysiloxane yomwe ili ndi zomangira zopitilira 3 Si-H mu molekyulu, monga mzere wa methyl-hydropolysiloxane wokhala ndi gulu la Si-H, mphete ya methyl-hydropolysiloxane ndi utomoni wa MQ wokhala ndi gulu la Si-H. Zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndi mzere wa methylhydropolysiloxane wamapangidwe otsatirawa. Iwo anapeza kuti mawotchi katundu wa silika gel osakaniza akhoza kusinthidwa ndi kusintha hydrogen zili kapena dongosolo mtanda kulumikiza wothandizira. Zinapeza kuti hydrogen zomwe zili muzitsulo zophatikizika zimayenderana ndi kulimba kwamphamvu komanso kuuma kwa gel osakaniza silika. Gu Zhuojiang et al. adapeza mafuta a silikoni okhala ndi haidrojeni okhala ndi mawonekedwe osiyanasiyana, kulemera kwa mamolekyu osiyanasiyana ndi zinthu zina za haidrojeni posintha kaphatikizidwe ndi chilinganizo, ndikuzigwiritsa ntchito ngati njira yolumikizirana kuti apange ndikuwonjezera silikoni yamadzimadzi.

chothandizira

Pofuna kupititsa patsogolo mphamvu zogwiritsira ntchito zopangira zida, ma platinamu-vinyl siloxane complexes, platinamu-alkyne complexes ndi nitrogen-modified platinum complexes anakonzedwa. Kuphatikiza pa mtundu wa chothandizira, kuchuluka kwa zinthu za silicone zamadzimadzi kudzakhudzanso magwiridwe antchito. Zinapeza kuti kuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa chothandizira cha platinamu kumatha kulimbikitsa kulumikizana pakati pamagulu a methyl ndikuletsa kuwonongeka kwa unyolo waukulu.

Monga tafotokozera pamwambapa, vulcanization limagwirira wa chikhalidwe zowonjezera madzi silikoni ndi hydrosilylation anachita pakati polima m'munsi munali vinilu ndi polima munali hydrosilylation chomangira. Kumangira kowonjezera kwamadzimadzi amadzimadzi a silicone nthawi zambiri kumafunikira nkhungu yolimba kuti ipange chomaliza, koma ukadaulo wopanga wachikhalidwewu uli ndi zovuta zamtengo wokwera, nthawi yayitali, ndi zina zotero. Zogulitsa nthawi zambiri sizigwira ntchito pamagetsi. Ofufuzawo adapeza kuti ma silicas angapo okhala ndi zinthu zapamwamba amatha kukonzedwa ndi njira zatsopano zochiritsira pogwiritsa ntchito mercaptan - double bond addition liquid silicas. Mawonekedwe ake abwino kwambiri amakina, kukhazikika kwamafuta ndi kufalikira kwa kuwala kungapangitse kuti igwiritsidwe ntchito m'magawo atsopano. Kutengera ndi mercapto-ene bond reaction between branched mercaptan functionalized polysiloxane and vinyl terminated polysiloxane with different molecular weight, silicone elastomers yokhala ndi kuuma kosinthika ndi makina amakina adakonzedwa. Ma elastomers osindikizidwa amawonetsa kusamvana kwakukulu komanso makina abwino kwambiri. Kutalikirana kwa ma silicone elastomers kumatha kufika 1400%, komwe kumakhala kokwezeka kwambiri kuposa ma elastomer ochiritsa a UV komanso okwera kuposa ma silicone elastomer omwe amatha kutambasula. Kenako ma ultra-stretchable silicone elastomers adayikidwa pa ma hydrogel okhala ndi ma carbon nanotubes kuti akonze zida zamagetsi zotambasuka. Silicone yosindikizidwa komanso yosinthika imakhala ndi chiyembekezo chogwiritsa ntchito maloboti ofewa, ma actuators osinthika, ma implants azachipatala ndi magawo ena.